case against competition

competition → gamesmanship & unfairness

community run by a dictatorial leader → no clear criteria of winning → hold comrades back, take credit for others’ work, flatter leaders

To prevent that: democracy without reward and punishment, without competition

democracy: a community run on the principle of cooperation, not competition

vertical vs horizontal relationship:

vertical: competition creates winners and losers

horizontal: all people are equal regardless of achievement and performance

Next: Human incompleteness